Oral surgery requires accurate planning and surgical skills.
Common oral dental surgical procedures are third molar extraction , dental implants fixation, problems of unequal jaw growth and to improve fit of Dentures .
Third molar surgery is one of the most common procedures performed in oral surgery. More often, one or more of these third molars (commonly called wishdom tooth) fail to emerge in proper alignment or fail to fully emerge through the gum line and become entrapped or "impacted" between the jawbone and the gum tissue. Impacted wisdom teeth can result in swelling, pain, and infection of the gum tissue surrounding the wisdom teeth. In addition, impacted wisdom teeth can cause permanent damage to nearby teeth, gums, bone and can sometimes lead to the formation of cysts or tumors that can destroy sections of the jaw. Therefore, dentists recommend people with impacted wisdom teeth to have them surgically removed. With surgical procedures in general, complications can always arise. The reported frequencies of complications after third molar removal are between 3 % - 30 %. The spectrum of complications range from minor expected sequelae of post-operative pain and swelling, to permanent nerve damage, mandibular fractures, and life threatening infections.
Another common surgical procedure is fixation of dental implant. The implants are tooth root substitutes that are surgically anchored in place in the jaw bone and act to stabilize the artificial teeth to which they are attached. Suitable candidates for dental implants need to have an adequate bone level and density, must not be prone to infection, and must be willing to maintain good oral hygiene practices
For first-time denture wearers, oral surgery can be done to correct any irregularities of the jaws prior to creating the dentures to ensure a better fit. Oral surgery can also help long-term denture wearers. Supporting bone often deteriorates over time resulting in dentures that no longer fit properly. In severe cases, an oral surgeon can add a bone graft to areas where little bone remains.